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2018 Vol.20, Issue 5 Preview Page
Effects of evacuation delay time and fire growth curve on quantitative risk for railway tunnel fire

철도터널 화재 시 피난개시시간지연 및 화재성장곡선이 정량적 위험도에 미치는 영향

Ji-Oh Ryu1*
,
Hyo-Gyu Kim2
,
Hoo-Young Lee3
유 지오1*
,
김 효규2
,
이 후영3
1Professor, Dept. of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shinhan University
2CEO, Jusung G&B Inc.
3Researcher, Jusung G&B Inc.
1신한대학교 기계자동차융합공학과 교수
2(주)주성지앤비 대표이사
3(주)주성지앤비 연구원
* Corresponding Author
30 September 2018. pp. 809-822
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Abstract

A quantitative risk assessment has been introduced to quantitatively evaluate fire risk as a means of performance based fire protection design in the design of railway tunnel disaster prevention facilities. However, there are insufficient studies to examine the effect of various risk factors on the risk. Therefore, in this study, the risk assessment was conducted on the model tunnel in order to examine the effects of the evacuation start time delay and the fire growth curve on the quantitative risk assessment. As a result of the analysis of the scenario, the fatalities occurred mainly when escapes in the same direction as the direction of the fire smoke movement. In addition, after the FED exceeded 0.3, the maximum fatalities occurred within 10 minutes. In the range of relatively low risk, distance between cross passages, evacuation delay time and fire growth curve were found to affect the risk, but they were found to have little effect on the condition that the risk reached the limit. Especially, in this study, it was evaluated that the evacuation delay time reduction, fire intensity and duration reduction effect were not observed when the distance between cross passages was more than 1500 m.

Keywords
Performance-based fire protection design
Quantitative risk assessment
Evacuation delay time
Distance between cross passage

철도터널의 방재시설 설계 시 성능위주설계의 일환으로 화재위험을 정량적으로 평가하는 정량적 위험도평가기법이 도입되어 적용되고 있다. 그러나 각종 위험인자가 위험도에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 피난개시 시간지연(210~873초) 및 화재성장곡선(1량 화재, 1량 화재지속, 화재중첩)이 정량적 위험도 평가에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위해서 모델터널(연장: 15 km, 경사도 1.5%, 단면적 57 m2, 단굴 양방향 터널)을 대상으로 위험도 평가를 수행하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 시나리오(270개)에 대한 분석결과, 사망자는 주로 화재연기의 이동방향과 동일한 방향으로 대피하는 경우가 발생하고 있으며, FED가 0.3을 초과한 후에는 최대 10분 이내에 최대인원이 사망하는 것으로 나타났다. 위험도가 비교적 낮은 범위에서는 피난연결통로간격 및 피난개시시간, 화재성장곡선이 위험도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나고 있으나, 위험도가 한계치에 도달하는 조건에서는 이들의 영향이 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 본 연구에서는 피난연결통로의 간격이 1,500 m 이상인 경우에는 피난개시시간지연의 축소나 화재강도 및 화재지속시간의 감소효과가 거의 나타나지 않는 것으로 평가되었다.

키워드
소방시설에 대한 성능위주설계
정량적 위험도 평가
피난개시시간지연
피난연결통로간격
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Tunneling and Underground Space Association
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
  • Volume : 20
  • No :5
  • Pages :809-822
  • Received Date : 2018-06-26
  • Revised Date : 2018-07-16
  • Accepted Date : 2018-07-24
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2018.20.5.809
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