A fundamental study on the ventilation analysis method for the network-type tunnel - focused on the none hardy-cross method

Hyo-Gyu Kim; Pan-Gyu Choi; Ji-Oh Ryu; Chang-Woo Lee

doi:10.9711/KTAJ.2016.18.3.291

All Issue

2016 Vol.18, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

A fundamental study on the ventilation analysis method for the network-type tunnel - focused on the none hardy-cross method 네트워크형 터널의 환기해석 방법에 대한 기초연구-비 Hardy-Cross 방법을 중심으로

31 May 2016. pp. 291-303

PDF XML

Abstract

Recently, various forms of diverging sections in tunnels have been designed as the demand for underground passageway in urban areas increases. Therefore, the complexity of the ventilation system in tunnels with diverging sections requires a ventilation analysis method different from the conventional method for the straight tunnels. None of the domestic and foreign tunnel ventilation design standards specifies the method for the ventilation network analysis, and the numerical analysis methods have been most widely used. This paper aims at reviewing the ventilation network analytical method applicable as the design standard. The proposed method is based on the characteristic equations rather than the numerical analysis. Thanks to the advantages of easy application, the Hardy-Cross method has been widely applied in the fields of mine ventilation and tunnel ventilation. However, limitations with the cutting errors in the Taylor series expansion and the convergence problem mainly caused by the mesh selection algorithm have been reported. Therefore, this paper examines the applicability of the ventilation analysis method for network-type tunnels with the gradient method that can analyze flow rate and pressure simultaneously without the configuration of mesh. A simple ventilation analysis method for network-type tunnels is proposed.

Keywords

Tunnel ventilation

Network

Mesh

Branch

Hardy-Cross method

최근 도시부 지하도로 건설에 따른 터널내 다양한 형태의 분기부가 설계되고 있으며, 이는 기존의 일자형 터널에서의 환기해석 방법과는 다른 해석방법을 요구하고 있다. 그러나 국내외 터널환기 해석방법중 네트워크형 터널에 대한 환기해석에 대한 방법은 설계기준으로 제시되지 않고 있으며, 주로 네트워크용 수치해석 프로그램에 의존하여 설계가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수치해석적 방법이 아닌 특성화 방정식에 기초한 네트워크형 터널에 대한 환기해석 방법 중 설계기준으로 적합한 네트워크 모형을 고찰하였다. 기존의 Hardy-Cross 방법은 계산방법이 비교적 간단하고 수계산이 가능한 장점이 있어, 광산통기 및 터널환기 분야에서 폭넓게 적용되어 왔다. 그러나 Tayler 정리에 따른 절단오차 문제 및 대규모 네트워크 환경에서 mesh의 선택 알고리즘에 따른 수렴성 문제가 보고되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 비 hardy-cross 방법 중 mesh의 구성이 없이도 유량과 압력을 동시에 해석할 수 있는 gradient method로 네트워크형 터널에 대한 환기해석의 적용성을 고찰하였고, 더불어 네트워크형 터널에 대한 환기해석이 가능한 간편한 방법을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다.

키워드

터널환기

네트워크

메쉬

브랜치

하디크로스 법

References

1.Ayres, F. (1974), “Matricses”, Schau’s outline series, McGrawHill Book Co, pp. 1-100.

2.Carpentier, P., Cohen, G., Hamam, Y. (1985), “Water network equilibrium. veriational approach and comparison of numerical algorithms”, 7^th Congress on Operational Research, Bologna, Italy, pp. 38-43.

3.Cross, H. (1936), “Analysis of flow in networks of conduits or conductors”, University of Illinois, Engineering Experimental Station, Bulletin No. 286, pp. 62-97.

4.Dubin, Ch. (1947), “Le calcul des reseaux mailles. Contribution al’ Application Pratique de la Methode Hardy Cross” La Houille Blanchem Mai-Juin, pp. 213-223.

5.Hamam, Y.M., Brameller, A. (1971), “Hybrid method for the solution of piping networks”, Proceedings Institution of Electrical Engineers, Vol. 118, No. 11, pp. 115-132.

6.Kim, N.Y. (2013), “Ventilation characteristics by piston effect in underground network road junctions”, Doctoral Thesis at Department of Mechanical Engineering., Univ. Kook-min.

7.Lee, C.W., Lee, S.H., Choi, S.I., Baek, D.H., Moon, S.K. (1997), “Simulation modeling of the vehicle tunnel ventilation system using network theory” J. of Mineral and Energy Resources, Vol. 34, pp. 614-629.

8.Seoul Urban Infrastructure Division (2011), “Seoul ○○○ Tunnel : Private Provided Infrastructure”, Proceedings Seoul Urban Infrastructure Division, 2011-93.

9.Todini, E., Pilati, S. (1987), “A gradient algorithm for the analysis of pipe networks”, Proceedings International Conference on Computer Applications for Water Supply and Distribution, Leicester Polytechnic, 8-10 September, pp. 45-82.

10.Velde, K. (1988), “A computer simulation for longitudinal ventilation of a road tunnel with incoming and outgoing slip roads”, Proceedings of the 6^th International Symposium on the Aero-dynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels, Durham, UK, p. C3-179～C3-201.

11.Williams, G.N. (1973), “Enhancements of convert-gence of pipe network solutions”, J. of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE, Vol. 99, No. HY7, pp. 1057-1067.

Information

Publisher :Korean Tunneling and Underground Space Association
Publisher(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
Journal Title(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
Volume : 18
No :3
Pages :291-303
Received Date : 2016-04-12
Revised Date : 2016-04-27
Accepted Date : 2016-05-02
DOI :https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2016.18.3.291

Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association ISSN:2233-8292(Print) 2287-4747(Online) 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집

All Issue