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2025 Vol.27, Issue 5 Preview Page

Technical Paper

A case study on the prevention of ground settlement in the design of the deep tunnel station in the soft ground of the urban area

도심지 연약지반에서의 대심도 터널 정거장 설계시 지반침하 예방대책 사례

Keun-Taek Han1*
,
Sang-Inn Woo2
한 근택1*
,
우 상인2
1Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Civil and Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University
2Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University
1정회원, 인천대학교 건설환경공학과 박사과정
2비회원, 인천대학교 건설환경공학과 부교수
*Corresponding Author
30 September 2025. pp. 385-398
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Abstract

Unlike typical railway projects that pass through urban areas, this project in the Incheon ○○ district is located on soft ground with a thick reclaimed layer. Therefore, the excavation influence zone is carefully assessed to prevent ground subsidence and to establish underground safety measures. The extent of the excavation influence zone is conservatively determined through comparative analysis of theoretical formulas, empirical equations, and numerical analysis results, and is set at 4H (H: maximum excavation depth). Within this influence zone, the installation range of monitoring instruments—such as ground surface level surveys, building tilt meters, and strain gauges—is determined to detect and prevent ground subsidence. Additionally, ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys are conducted within the zone to check for voids, and closed-circuit television (CCTV) inspections of sewer pipes are performed to assess potential ground subsidence risks caused by damaged pipes. As such, determining the excavation influence zone is a critical factor in securing underground safety, as it defines the scope of monitoring instrument installations, void investigations, and CCTV inspections.

Keywords
Urban area
Soft ground
Excavation impact range
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) survey
CCTV inspection of sewer pipelines

도심지를 관통하는 일반적인 철도사업과 다르게 인천 ○○지역의 매립층이 두터운 도심지 연약지반상의 굴착영향범위를 산정하여 지반침하를 예방하고 지하안전확보방안을 마련하고자 한다. 굴착영향범위는 이론식 및 경험식, 그리고 수치해석결과를 비교분석하여 보수적으로 산정하며 검토결과 4H (H: 최대굴착심도)로 산정하였다. 해당 굴착영향범위 내에 지반침하를 예방하고자 연도변조사 및 건물경사계, 변형률계 등 계측기 설치 범위를 산정한다. 또한, 굴착영향범위 내의 지표투과레이더(ground penetrating radar, GPR) 탐사를 통해 공동존재 유무를 분석하고 하수관거의 CCTV (closed-circuit television) 조사를 통해 하수관거 손상에 따른 지반침하가 발생하지 않도록 분석하게 되어 있다. 이처럼 굴착영향범위 산정은 계측기 설치 범위 및 공동탐사, CCTV 조사 등의 범위를 산정하므로 굴착영향범위 산정은 지하안전확보방안을 마련함에 있어 매우 중요한 인자이다.

키워드
도심지
연약지반
굴착영향범위
지표투과레이저탐사
하수관거 CCTV 조사
References
1

Caspe, M.S. (1966), “Surface settlement adjacent to braced open cuts”, Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, Vol. 92, No. 4, pp. 51-59.

10.1061/JSFEAQ.0000889
2

Clough, G.W., O’Rourke, T.D. (1990), “Construction induced movements of in situ walls”, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference on Design and Performance of Earth Retaining Structures, New York, pp. 439-470.

3

KGS (2018), Manual for Structural Foundation Design Criteria, Korean Geotechnical Society, Seoul, pp. 606.

4

Kim, S., Byun, J. (2023), “Improvement of underground cavity and structure detection performance through machine learning-based diffraction separation of GPR data”, Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 171-184.

10.7582/GGE.2023.26.4.171
5

Lee, S., Woo, S.I. (2022), “A case study on the establishment of an excavation impact range for evaluating the ground stability of deep tunnels and vertical shaft sections in urban areas”, Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol. 38, No. 8, pp. 67-74.

10.7843/KGS.2022.38.8.67
6

MOLIT (2024), Underground safety assessment report standard manual, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, pp. 35-39.

7

Peck, R.B. (1969), “Deep excavation and tunnelling in soft ground”, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Mexico, Vol. 4, pp. 259-290.

8

Terzaghi, K., Peck, R.B., Mesri, G. (1996), Soil Mechanics in Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 42-43.

Information
  • Publisher :Korean Tunneling and Underground Space Association
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
  • Volume : 27
  • No :5
  • Pages :385-398
  • Received Date : 2025-08-07
  • Revised Date : 2025-08-23
  • Accepted Date : 2025-09-02
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2025.27.5.385
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