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2025 Vol.27, Issue 2 Preview Page

Research Paper

Prediction of tunnel stability in low-carbon concrete lining by finite element analysis

유한요소 수치해석을 통한 저탄소 콘크리트라이닝에서의 터널 안정성 예측

Chan-Yeong Lee1
,
Ji-Na Kim2
,
Yong-Joo Lee3*
이 찬영1
,
김 지나2
,
이 용주3*
1Master Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology
2Bachelor Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology
3Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology
1비회원, 서울과학기술대학교 건설시스템공학과 석사과정
2비회원, 서울과학기술대학교 건설시스템공학과 학부과정
3정회원, 서울과학기술대학교 건설시스템공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 March 2025. pp. 115-134
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Abstract

Efforts to reduce carbon emissions are essential for a sustainable transition in the construction industry. To respond to this challenge, the potential of low-carbon concrete for tunnel’s concrete lining applications was evaluated, focusing on both environmental benefits and structural stability. By replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and fly ash (FA) in varying proportions, CO2 emissions were reduced by up to 65% per cubic meter compared to conventional concrete. Finite element analysis (FEA) using PLAXIS 3D was conducted to investigate the structural performance of materials under different ground loss and earth pressure coefficients. The analysis revealed that axial force, shear force, and bending moment were significantly influenced by material properties. High-replacement-rate concretes (R70, R90) exhibited lower safety factors for shear forces due to reduced early strength, while achieving higher safety factors for axial forces and bending moments, which can be attributed to enhanced stiffness and load redistribution characteristics. For all scenarios, low-carbon concrete kept safety factors above 1.0, satisfying structural design standards. These results highlight the potential of high-replacement low-carbon concrete to significantly reduce environmental impact while maintaining structural safety, offering a feasible alternative for future construction projects. In addition, this study established a foundation for sustainable construction technologies and carbon-neutral goals by applying low-carbon concrete to the tunnel lining process through numerical analysis.

Keywords
Low-carbon concrete
Carbon emissions
NATM tunnel
Concrete lining
Finite element analysis

건설 산업에서 탄소 배출을 저감하고 친환경 기술을 도입하는 것은 산업 발전과 환경 보호를 동시에 달성하는 데 중요하다. 도전 과제를 해결하기 위해 터널의 콘크리트라이닝 과정에 저탄소 콘크리트를 적용하여 환경적 이점과 구조적 안정성을 평가하였다. 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트(ordinary Portland cement, OPC)를 고로슬래그 미분말(ground granulated blast furnace slag, GGBS) 및 플라이애시(fly ash, FA)로 대체하여 탄소배출 저감 효과를 분석한 결과, 기존 콘크리트 대비 최대 65%의 이산화탄소 배출 감소가 가능하였다. PLAXIS 3D를 이용한 유한요소해석(finite element analysis, FEA)을 통해 체적손실 및 토압계수 변화 조건에서 재료 특성이 구조적 응답에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 해석 결과 축력, 전단력, 모멘트는 재료 특성에 따라 큰 영향을 받았으며 특히 고치환율 콘크리트(R70, R90)는 낮은 초기 강도로 인해 전단력의 안전율이 낮아졌다. 반면 저치환율 재료는 축력 및 모멘트의 안전율이 상대적으로 높아 구조적 강성과 하중 분산 특성이 긍정적으로 작용하였음을 확인하였다. 모든 해석 조건에서 저탄소 콘크리트는 안전율 1.0 이상을 유지하여 설계 기준을 충족하였으며, 환경적 지속 가능성과 터널 구조 안정성을 동시에 확보할 수 있는 가능성을 입증하였다. 본 연구는 저탄소 콘크리트를 수치해석을 통해 터널의 콘크리트라이닝 과정에 적용해 봄으로써 지속가능한 건설기술 발전과 탄소중립 목표달성을 위한 기초를 마련하였다.

키워드
저탄소 콘크리트
탄소배출량
NATM 터널
콘크리트라이닝
유한요소해석
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Tunneling and Underground Space Association
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
  • Volume : 27
  • No :2
  • Pages :115-134
  • Received Date : 2025-02-07
  • Revised Date : 2025-02-25
  • Accepted Date : 2025-02-25
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2025.27.2.115
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