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Experimental study on the ground arching depending on the deformation type of the crown in the shallow tunnel

얕은터널에서 천단의 변형형태에 따른 그라운드 아칭에 관한 실험적 연구

Il Jae Yim1
,
Sang Duk Lee2*
임 일재1
,
이 상덕2*
1Head of the Department, Gyeonggi Urban Innovation Corporation
2Professor, Ajou University, Dept. of Civil and Transportation Eng.
1정회원, 경기도시공사 사업처장
2정회원, 아주대학교 건설교통 시스템공학과 교수
*교신저자. *Corresponding Author. 
30 September 2017. pp. 733-747
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Abstract

In the shallow tunnel, the surrounding ground could be loosened and deformed, which could be the cause of stress change in the ground. Terzaghi has clarified the development of a ground arching induced by the deformation of a tunnel crown in the trap door tests. However, he considered only the case in which that the tunnel crown deformed uniformly. He did not consider the effect of deformation shapes. Therefore, the relation between the shape of the ground relaxation above the tunnel crown and the deformation shape of the tunnel crown is not clear yet. In this study, model tests were performed for the three types of the tunnel crown, such as uniform, concave and convex shapes. As results, it was found that the vertical load would be transferred in various types depending on the deformation shapes of the tunnel crown.

Keywords
Tunnel face
Ultimate displacement
Shallow tunnel
Model test
Longitudinal load transfer

터널을 굴착하면 터널주변과 상부의 지반이 느슨해지고 변형되며, 이로 인해 터널주변 지반의 응력이 변화된다. Terzaghi는 터널굴착으로 인한 천단 상부지반의 이완형태를 Trapdoor 실험을 통해 규명하였다. 그러나 Terzaghi는 터널천단부가 등변위 되는 조건 만 생각하였으며, 터널천단부가 오목곡선이나 볼록곡선 등의 형태로 변형될 경우에 대 해서는 생각하지 않았다. 따라서 본 과제에서 지반이완 형태와 터널천단부 변위형태의 상관관계에 대하여 실험적으로 연구하였다. 이를 위하여 터널천단부의 이완형태를 등변위, 오목곡선, 볼록곡선의 세가지 형태로 모사하여 실험을 수행하고 그 결과를 비교 하였다. 실험결과 이완지반의 하중전이는 지반변형특성에 따라 다양한 형태로 발생될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

키워드
굴진면
한계변위
얕은터널
모형실험
종방향하중전
References
1
Atkinson, J.H., Mair, R.J. (1981), “Soil mechnics aspects of soft ground tunnelling”, Ground Engineering, July, pp. 20-26.
2
Oh, D.W. (2017), “Analysis of pile load distribution and ground behaviour depending on vertical offset between pile tip and tunnel crown in sand through laboratory model test”, Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association, pp. 358.
3
Kim, Y.W. (2017), “Experimental study on the longitudinal load transfer behavior in a shallow tunnel depending on the deformation type of tunnel face”, pp. 34-36.
4
Kim, Y.W. (2016), “Experimental study on the longitudinal load transfer of a shallow tunnel depending on the deformation tunnel face(I)”, Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association.
5
Kim, Y.W. (2016). “Experimental study on the longitudinal load transfer of a shallow tunnel depending on the deformation tunnel face(II)”, Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association.
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Lee, S.D. (2013), “Tunnel Mechanics”, CIR publication, pp. 304-316.
7
Terzaghi, K. (1936), “Stress distribution in dry and in saturated sand above a yielding trap-door”, Proceedings 1st International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Cambridge, Vol. 1, pp. 307-311.
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Terzaghi, K. (1943), “Theoretical Soil Mechanics” John Wiley and Sons. New York. p. 66-76.
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Kim, T.G. (2017), “Micromechanical analysis of soil arching in trapdoor test using discrete element method”, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Discrete Element Methods.
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Kim, H.M. (2014), “A model test on soil arching and loosening zone developed in grounds composed of granular soil particles”, Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association “Redistribution of stresses due to the soil arching generated in grounds composed of granular soil particless”.
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Han, Y.C., Kim, S.H., Jeong, S.S. (2014), “Ground behavior around tunnel using tunnel-shaped trapdoor model test”, Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association.
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Lee, S.D., Noh, Y.C., Yim, I.J. (2015), “The ground Full relaxation and displacements by phased excavation order”, Journal of World Tunnel Congress.
Information
  • Publisher :Korean Tunneling and Underground Space Association
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
  • Volume : 19
  • No :5
  • Pages :733-747
  • Received Date : 2017-08-03
  • Revised Date : 2017-08-28
  • Accepted Date : 2017-09-05
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2017.19.5.733
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